• Research assay designed for use in cutting-edge discovery projects
  • Sensitive and specific—accurate detection of IP-10, MIG, and OPG
  • Rapid—results in less than 5 hours from urine samples
  • Easy and cost-effective—no blood draws required, reduced labor and material costs

 

Tool for use in renal dysfunction research

Monitoring the profile of cytokines, chemokines, and receptor levels in the urine of renal transplant patients may be a noninvasive way to perform cost-effective research studies on renal damage. Recent studies have profiled levels of three analytes: monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in urine samples and show promise as important markers of renal dysfunction.  The IP-10, MIG, and OPG triplex assay system is a research tool that may be useful in development and research studies in the area of cryptic occurrence of acute kidney injury. 

The PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel Assay uses the Luminex xMAP technology in a standard sandwich immunoassay format to offer ease of use, sensitivity, and rapid results. This assay may be useful in studies where assessment of whole kidney function  is a key factor by measuring biomarker levels in urine. As a biological medium, urine is harsh and variable, making it difficult to use in biochemical and molecular analysis. The PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel Assay uses a patented buffering system that allows quantitation of urinary proteins in the research setting.

The Luminex xMAP technology

The Luminex xMAP technology combines the efficiencies of multiplex analysis with reproducibility similar to ELISA. The technology uses 5.6 um polystyrene beads that are internally dyed with both red and an infrared fluorophore. Beads are manufactured to contain any one of 100 different spectrally distinct red:infrared fluorescence intensity ratios (called bead regions). As beads pass in front of the laser in the Luminex instrument, the bead region is detected, and this serves to identify the bead and distinguish it from others in the sample.

Plex Mark Workflow


Figure 1.

Quantitating MIG, IP-10, and OPG from urine using the PlexMark 3 Panel

MIG, IP-10, and OPG levels of urine were quantified using the PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel. Assays were performed on samples of pooled urine or buffer, both containing known amounts of MIG, IP-10, or OPG. The assay produced reliable quantitation results, regardless of whether the spiked sample was buffer or human urine (Figure 1). These results demonstrate that the PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel a reliable and sensitive research tool, even in the harsh, variable background of human urine. In a separate experiment, samples of human urine were spiked with MIG, IP-10, or OPG (each at a concentration of 5 ng/mL) and assayed using the PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel. Specific quantitation was obtained for each biomarker with little cross-reactivity (Table 1). 

The PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel provides sensitive, reproducible quantification of three biomarkers that may be important in renal dysfunction. Performed on the Luminex instrument, this assay allows you to take advantage of powerful multiplexing capabilities and delivers rapid results.

Table 1 - The PlexMark 3 Renal Biomarker Panel provides a highly specific assay with extremely low cross-reactivity.  Samples were assayed in duplicate; results are expressed in terms of fluorescence intensity (MFI)

  OPG IP-10 MIG
OPG (recombinant, 5ng/mL)6,584
6,640		7
11		101
98
IP-10 (recombinant, 5ng/mL)12
11		10,831
11,464		5
5
MIG (recombinant, 5ng/mL)16
13		25
28		9,634
9,591