PTGES2 Proteins

Protein Information

Prostoglandin E2 (PGE2) is a potent lipid mediator produced by metabolism of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. Following cellular stimulation, arachidonic acid is hydrolyzed from phospholipids stores by one of a family of phospholipase A2 enzymes and converted to the unstable endoperoxide PGH2 by either COX 1 or COX 2. PGH2 is isomerized to PGE2 by one of 3 distinct enzymes microsomal PGES 1 (mPGES 1), mPGES 2, or a cytosolic enzyme, cPGES. PGE2 is active in a number of physiological systems and settings including inflammation, immune regulation, generation of fever, pain perception, protection of the gastric muscosa, fertility and parturition, as well as sodium and water retention. The effects of PGE2 are transduced by 4 subtypes of G protein coupled receptors designated EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, with Kd values for PGE2 ranging from 1 10 nM. PGE2 is rapidly metabolized in vivo by the prostaglandin 15 dehydrogenase pathway (15 hydroxy PGDH) to the inactive metabolite 13,14 dihydro 15 keto PGE2. The half life of PGE2 in the circulatory system is ~30 seconds and normal plasma levels are 3 12 pg/mL

Synonyms

0610038H10Rik; C79137; C9orf15; FLJ14038; gamma-interferon-activated transcriptional element-binding factor 1; GATE-binding factor 1; Gbf1; GBF-1; membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase 2; membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-2; MGC11289; Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 2; microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2; mPGE synthase-2; Mpges2; mPGES-2; PGES2; Prostaglandin E synthase 2; Prostaglandin E synthase 2 truncated form; Prostaglandin-H(2) E-isomerase; Ptges2; RP11-395P17.2