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ch5D12 binds specifically to recombinant and native human CD40 ectodomain and has been shown to also bind CD40 in cynomolgus and marmoset monkeys. The antibody requires residues within D1 and D1/B2 for binding (D1 domain is crucial for CD40L binding). Binding characteristics are very similar between humanized ch5D12 and mu5D12. CD40 is a glycoprotein of the TNFR superfamily and is expressed on all mature B cells, dendritic cells, activated monocytes, some endothelial cells and some epithelium including the thymus. CD40 binds to CD40L, and this interaction is involved in B-cell activation and proliferation, antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation, initiation of antigen-specific T-cell responses, immunoglobulin production, activation of effector macrophages isotype switching, homotypic adhesion and rescue from apoptosis.
CD40 is a single-chain glycoprotein and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, exhibiting significant homology to the Hodgkin's disease-associated antigen, CD30. It is expressed by B lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, thymic epithelium, and a subset of peripheral T cells, as well as some epithelial cells, carcinomas, and lymphoid dendritic cells. Notably, CD40 is present on all B cells except plasma cells. CD40 plays a crucial role in regulating B cell development and maturation, inducing immunoglobulin isotype-switching, and protecting B cells from surface Ig-induced apoptosis when combined with other signals such as IL-4. It promotes proliferation and is essential for T cell-dependent immunoglobulin class switching, memory B cell development, and germinal center formation. The interaction between CD40 and its ligand CD154 (gp39) on T cells is vital for T-B cell crosstalk, costimulation, and immune regulation. Adaptor protein TNFR2 interacts with CD40, mediating signal transduction, while the AT-hook transcription factor AKNA is reported to regulate CD40 expression, which may be important for homotypic cell interactions. Additionally, the interaction between CD40 and its ligand is necessary for amyloid-beta-induced microglial activation, suggesting a role in the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms of CD40 have been identified. Diseases associated with CD40 dysfunction include Type 3 Hyper-IgM immunodeficiency and CD40 ligand deficiency, highlighting its importance in immune and inflammatory responses.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
Protein Aliases: B cell surface antigen CD40; B cell-associated molecule; B-cell surface antigen CD40; Bp50; CD antigen CD40; CD40; CD40 molecule, TNF receptor superfamily member 5; CD40L receptor; CDw40; Immunoglobulin M; ImmunoglobulinM; MGC9013; sCD40; soluble CD40; Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5
Gene Aliases: Bp50; CD40; CDW40; EGM_02012; p50; TNFRSF5
UniProt ID: (Human) P25942
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 958, (Cynomolgus monkey) 102118696
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